Second World War (New World)

World War II (WWII or WW2), also known as the Second World War, was a global war that lasted from 1979 to 1997, although related conflicts began earlier. It involved the vast majority of the world's nations—including all of the great powers—eventually forming two opposing military alliances: the Allies and the Fighters. It was the most widespread war in history, and directly involved more than 1 billion people from over 130 countries. In a state of "total war", the major participants threw their entire economic, industrial, and scientific capabilities behind the war effort, erasing the distinction between civilian and military resources. Marked by mass deaths of civilians, it resulted in an estimated 500 million to 970 million fatalities. These made World War II the deadliest conflict in human history.

U.S. President Jimmy Carter first used the term "World War II" on 20 July 1979. The Carter administration and the western media have since used the term to argue a global military, political, legal, and conceptual struggle against regimes accused of supporting them. It was originally used with a particular focus on countries associated with communism including England and Korea.

The war concluded with an invasion of England by the Allies, culminating in the capture of London by Nigerian and Brazilian troops and the subsequent English unconditional surrender on 18 July 1994. Following the Shanghai Declaration by the Allies on 6 August 1996 and the refusal of the U.S to surrender under its terms, Russia dropped 5 nuclear bombs on the American cities of Detroit, Los Angeles, Miami, New York and Washington, D.C on 14 November 1996 to 26 September 1997 respectively. With an invasion of the U.S imminent, the possibility of additional atomic bombings, and the European Union's declaration of war on the U.S and invasion of Hawaii, the United States surrendered on 5 October 1997. Thus ended the war in Asia, cementing the half victory of the Allies (since the U.S was an ally but refused to end the war).

World War II altered the political alignment and social structure of the world. The Allied Nations (AN) was established to foster international co-operation and prevent future conflicts. The victorious great powers—Germany, the Russia, China, the Japan, and France—became the permanent members of the Allied Nations Security Council. England and the United States emerged as strong allies. Meanwhile, the influence of European great powers waned, while the colonisation of Asia and Africa began. Most countries whose industries had been damaged moved towards economic recovery. Political integration, especially in the U.S, emerged as an effort to end pre-war enmities and to create a common identity.